Translation Essays & Research Papers

MEANING OF THE WORD ‘TRANSLATION’ FROM VARIOUS DICTIONARIES: ➢ Wikipedia: Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. ➢ General Oxford Dictionary: Translation n 1 the act or an instance of translating. 2 a written or spoken expression of the meaning of a word, speech, book, etc. in another language. ➢ Dictionary of Translation Studies: Translation: An incredibly broad notion which can be...

translation of tourism in the light of skopos theory Contents Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………… i Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………….. ii 摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………... iii Chapter I Introduction 1 1.1 Tourism texts 1 1.1.1 Definition of tourism texts 1 1.1.2 Functions of tourism texts 1 1.2 Review of the relevant literature available 3 1.2.1 Research from the perspective of functionalism 3 1.2.2 Research from the...

Commentory on translation Choisir une notion (foreignization) ? Explain and expand it Explain the key concepts Critics about Relate this approach to the translation task Seminar paper choisir un article qui parle de traduction resumez l’article et presentez les differents point critiques qui on été faites sur l’auteur critiques justifiés ou pas ? Domestication and Foreignization Theory Domestication and foreignization are two basic translation strategies which provide...

Extra material for chapter 4 Van Leuven-Zwart’s comparative–descriptive model of translation shifts1 The most detailed attempt to produce and apply a model of shift analysis has been carried out by Kitty van Leuven-Zwart of Amsterdam. Van Leuven-Zwart’s model takes as its point of departure some of the categories proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet and Levý and applies them to the descriptive analysis of a translation, attempting both to systematize comparison and to build in a discourse...

A TEXTBOOK OF TRANSLATION Peter Newmark W *MRtt SHANGHAI FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION PRESS 9787810801232 A Textbook of Translation Peter Newmark SHANGHAI FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION PRESS A Textbook of Translation Peter Newmark Prentice Hall NEW YORK LONDON TORONTO SYDNEY TOKYO First published 1988 by Prentice HaH International vUIO Ltd. 66 Wood Lane End, Heme! Hempstead. Hertfordshire, HP2 4RG A division of Simon &i Schuster International Group (0 1988 Prentke...

What is translation? Describe brief history of translation. Definitions of translation: * The process of translating words or text from one language into another: "Constantine's translation of Arabic texts into Latin". * A written or spoken rendering of the meaning of a word, speech, book, or other text, in another language. Term translation refers to several meanings: * It refers to general subject field * The text that has been translated * process What is...

Adaptation In adaptation, the translator works on changing the content and the form of the ST in a way that conforms to the rules of the language and culture in the TL community. In general, this procedure is used as an effective way to deal with culturally-bound words/expressions, metaphors and images in translation. That is, the translator resorts to rewriting the SLT according to the characteristics of the TLT. Monia Bayar (2007)[16] argues that adaptation is based on three main...

Translation and Technology Palgrave Textbooks in Translating and Interpreting Series Editors: Gunilla Anderman and Margaret Rogers, The Centre for Translation Studies, University of Surrey, UK Palgrave Textbooks in Translating and Interpreting bring together the most important strands of thinking in a fast-developing field. Volumes in the series are designed for Masters students in Translation Studies and Interpreting, as well as for upper-level undergradutaes considering a career in this...

International Communication - term paper – So, you wannabe a translator…. Translation and Interpreting in International Communication Introduction As I was preparing to put my ideas in order and reflect upon what I was going to write for my essay on International Communication, I suddenly remembered the last lecture on the subject. It was about translating and interpreting, so I figured out that an essay on the translation challenges in today's world would be a great idea to...

Translation procedures, strategies and methods Technical procedures (Nida) Technical procedures (Nida) Analysis of the source and target languages Analysis of the source and target languages Analysis of the source and target languages Analysis of the source and target languages Organizational procedures (Nida) Organizational procedures (Nida) Constant reevaluation of the attempt made; contrasting it with the existing available translations of the same text done by...

翻 译 服 务 合 同 TRANSLATION SERVICE CONTRACT 美国史密斯电力设备公司 （以 下 简称 “甲方”）与中国翻译服务有限公司（以下简称“乙方”）经 友好协商同意建立业务关系。 甲方同意接受乙方作为向甲方提供翻译及相关服务的服务商，并达成如下合同条款： Through friendly discussions between Smithpower. Co. ,Ltd (hereinafter referred to as “Party A”) and China Technical Translation Service Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Party B”), both parties agree to set up a business relationship. Party A agrees to engage Party B as translation agency to provide...

2. Types of translation. Types of translation classification. Administrative translation The translation of administrative texts. Although administrative has a very broad meaning, in terms of translation it refers to common texts used within businesses and organisations that are used in day to day management. It can also be stretched to cover texts with similar functions in government. Commercial translation Commercial translation or business translation covers any sort of document used in...

FEATURES OF TEXT TRANSLATION IN ADVERTISING Moskvitina A.V., stud., Superviser: Vakurina N.A. Tomsk Polytechnic University Modern mass media have triggered the distribution of the international advertizing activity. Nowadays, the translation of advertising has become not only necessary but also the daily phenomenon of life of the world community. Thus, the knowledge of theoretical bases of the process is not only an indispensable condition, but also the quality assurance of the...

http://www.translationdirectory.com/article301.htm Literary Translation: Recent Theoretical Developments By Sachin Ketkar Lecturer in English SB Garda College, Navsari www.geocities.com/sachinketkar sachinketkar@yahoo.com Literary studies have always, explicitly or implicitly, presupposed a certain notion of `literariness' with which it has been able to delimit its domain, specify, and sanction its methodologies and approaches to its subject. This notion of `literariness' is...

EQUIVALENCE IN TRANSLATION: SOME PROBLEM-SOLVING STRATEGIES | | |By Nababan, PhD | Published 10/21/2008 | Translation Theory | Recommendation:[pic][pic][pic][pic][pic] | | |Contact the author | | |Quicklink: http://www.proz.com/doc/2071 | |...

TRANSFORMATIONS IN TRANSLATION Main points: 10.1. The notion of transformations in translation 10.2. Grammatical transformations in translation 10.3. Lexical and semantic transformations in translation 10.1. The notion of transformations in translation Translation is an informational process, which means that translator should render information transmitted as fully as possible. However, this can be achieved only if certain structural and semantic changes are introduced. These...

Eva Hoffman tells an outstanding story of her family's move from Poland to America in the late 1950s when Eva was a young 13 years old. Lost in Translation portrays Eva's maturity through the growing pains of identity through her immigration experience. Language, culture, and perception are considered in Eva's memoir of the immigrant experience. These are issues that most interpreters have encountered. When learning a new language we experienced a degree of the dislocation so eloquently...

Translation Techniques Direct Translation Techniques :- Direct Translation Techniques are used when structural and conceptual elements of the source language can be transposed into the target language. Direct translation techniques include: Borrowing Calque Literal Translation Borrowing Borrowing is the taking of words directly from one language into another without translation. Borrowed words are often printed in italics when they are considered to be "foreign". E.g. Cafeteria كافيتريا -...

Vinay and Darbelnet’s Model Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet in their book Stylistique Comparée du Françaiset de l' Anglais (1958) which is a comparative stylistic analysis of the different translation strategies and procedures used in French and English view equivalence-oriented translation as a procedure which 'replicates the same situation as in the original, whilst using completely different wording' They also suggest that, if this procedure is applied during the translation process, it...

Aiwen (Hurphy) Zhang Fall 2013 11/1/2013 Unit 3 Assignment: “How Do You Say It?” Final Draft Language and Translation Language is the basic tool people use to communicate with each other, including verbal language and non-verbal language. Language is used to announce, to persuade, to queries, to express emotions, to transmit complicated ideas or even to hurt people. Generally speaking, using the language correctly allows people to communicate better,...

What is lost in translation from one language to another? “Most linguists would say that there is no such thing as a perfect translation and that something is always lost when we move from one language to another.” Sometimes when translating, there might be the difficulty, of finding a word that expresses or means the same thing, and because there isn’t one specific word that means the same as the other, instead of putting one word, many are used, to describe the words meaning....

A Comparative Study of the Translation of Image Metaphors of Color in the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi By Anousheh Shabani, Isfahan University, Iran Become a member of TranslationDirectory.com at just 6 EUR/month (paid per year) Advertisements: | | Abstract Metaphors are taken to be the most fundamental form of figurative language, carrying the assumption that terms literally connected with one object can be transferred to another object. A writer/speaker uses metaphor more often than...

From Author to Reader, and back Again: Transmittance of Interpretation and Intention in Translation Sophocles’ tragedy Antigone, although written long ago in a linguistic form foreign to the modern English speaker, finds new and relatable life by the whims and wits of Robert Fagles and Anne Carson’s translations, Antigone and Antigo nick respectively. After reading either translation and recognizing the great variation between them, the expedient question to ask encroaches as “Which is the...

TRANSLATION ANALYSIS This analysis contains comparison of Sławomir Mrożek’s story entitled “Most” with its English translation by Yolanta May. Discourse Structure Sławomir Mrożek addressed his story to a circle of educated Poles, who would understand the subtle irony contained within his work. Mrożek leaves no doubt as to the historical context of his work. Time of the action can be verified by numerous allusions to the Polish post-communistic period. The main character of the story is...

3 THE THEORY OF TRANSLATION OF A DRAMATIC TEXT In general, translation is “rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text.” (Newmark 1988, p.5) However, the mission of a translator of a dramatic work is slightly different from any other literary piece. A dramatic text is written in order to be performed on stage. The translator of such a text has therefore to bear in mind that the readers (i.e. the audience in this case) shall...

A naïve view of literal translation might be that it consists in the one for one substitution of the word forms of the target language for the word forms of the source language.This is what normally meant by the term "literal translation".Yet , this view is unrealistic.Literal translation, also known as direct translation, is the rendering of text from one language to another "word-for-word" (Latin: "verbum pro verbo") rather than conveying the sense of the original. Literal translations thus...

IN THE NAME OF THE MOST COMPASSIONATE YAZD AZAD UNIVERSITY(SCINCES AND RESEARCHES BRANCH) THE PROJECT OF ambiguity in translation PROFESSOR : DR jabbari STUDENT: SAEID JEDI In the name of the most compassionate Abstract This paper deals with translation ambiguity and target polysemy problems together. many Words have more than one translation across languages. Such translation ambiguous words are generally translated more slowly and less Accurately than their unambiguous...

When a text is being translated it is usually segmented into smaller parts which are easy and convenient to translate. Such segments of a text are known as units of translation. V.N.Komissarov uses the term “переводема” to refer to this notion. One of the foreign pioneers of the theory of translation J. Catford introduced the term ‘rank of translation’ in his book “A Linguistic Theory of Translation” (London 1965) which was used in a similar meaning. According to S.B. Tyulenev, the unit of...

Equivalence in Translation Introduction Dynamic equivalence, as a respectable principle of translation, has been around in the translation sector for a long time. It is the method whereby the translator's purpose is not to give a literal, word-for-word rendition but to transfer the meaning of the text as would be best expressed in the words of the receptor (native) language. In this paper, we will focus on the criteria necessary to qualify dynamic equivalence with special reference to...

Indirect Statement Alternative Assignment Nomen: TRANSLATION – 50 points: You may use William Whitaker’s Words as a resource to help you with unknown vocabulary. Do NOT use Google Translate or any other online translator! Once translated, list the following information: 1. Head verb (identify tense) 2. Subject of the indirect speech (identify the case of this noun) 3. Verb in the indirect speech (identify the tense and voice of the infintive) EXAMPLE: Caesar dicit milites ad Galliam iter...

Bachelor’s Thesis, summer 2010 BA, English and Communication Department of Language and Business Communication Creativity in translation – a study of various source and target texts Name: June Lyngbak Fogh Holst Examination number: 284589 Supervisor: Nick Wrigley Number of characters: 49.571 Creativity in translation – a study of various source and target texts June L.F. Holst...

On Drama Translation Like their contemporary prose translators who were introducing Western fiction to China, budding dramatists were enthusiastic about bringing Western plays to the Chinese stage. The first play was staged in Japan from an adaptation of Lin Shu's translation of Uncle Tom's Cabin. A Chinese student in Japan named Li Shutong adapted the script. The play was put on by members of the Chun Liu (Spring Willow) Drama Society. Their performance marked a complete break from traditional...

Introduction The medical terms to be translated are selected from three articles. Two articles deal with the posttraumatic stress disorder, a kind of mental disease and the other article is about the immune response in transplantation. Medical terms differ from that in daily use, and the same word can have different meanings within various contexts. In addition, many medical terms have roots and affixes which are mostly borrowed from Greek and Latin language, and as a result an analysis of...

Theories of Translation 1.Introduction Translation, oral or written, is probably as old as the spoken or written word. Throughout the ages, famous writers have tried their hand at ``the art of translating``. Translation is usually defined as the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by the means of an equivalent target-language text. It can be also described as an expression of a sense from one language to another as well as transmission of a written or spoken...

Translation Studies In the late 1970s a new academic discipline was born: Translation Studies. We could not read literature in translation, it was argued, without asking ourselves if linguistics and cultural phenomena really were ‘translatable’ and exploring in some depth the concept of ‘equivalence’. When Susan Bassnett’s Translation Studies appeared in the New Accents series, it quickly became the one introduction every student and interested reader had to own. Professor Bassnett...

Translation as a social phenomena Translation Problems in Modern Russian Society The development of trade and industry has always given rise to changes in the evolution of communities, bringing about new social forms and stratification of society. This in its turn accelerated the appearance of businesses and factories, arrival of new professions, and urbanization. Since the times of Perestroika (which was started in 1989 by Mikhail Gorbatchev) Russian society has been experiencing dramatic...

Teacher Education Department CURRICULUM INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE 2nd Semester, School Year 2013-2014 I. COURSE CODE : ENGLISH 120 II. COURSE TITLE : TRANSLATION & EDITING OF TEXT III. COURSE DESCRIPTION : This course is designed to acquaint the students with the theories and principles of translation and editing. It provides students opportunities to apply their knowledge in translation and editing. IV. COURSE UNITS : 3 units (3 hours per week) V. COURSE OBJECTIVES : A. General...

Gender and Translation Accuracy Salar Manafi Anari[1] (Professor, Allameh Tabataba'i University) Maliheh Ghodrati[2] (M.A. Graudate from Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University) Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the role of the gender of the translator on the accuracy of the translation, and to determine whether there is any difference between the translations done by female and male translators in terms of translation accuracy. Two English novels and...

Journal of Pragmatics 36 (2004) 1253–1269 Metaphor and translation: some implications of a cognitive approach ¨ Christina Schaffner* School of Languages and European Studies, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK Received 5 June 2003; received in revised form 12 September 2003; accepted 8 October 2003 Abstract Metaphor has been widely discussed within the discipline of Translation Studies, predominantly with respect to translatability and transfer methods. It has been...

Summary of Interpreting 1 The Similarity and Differences between Translation and Interpreting 1. Similarity • Both transferring the message from Source Language (SL) into Target Language (TL) • Both retaining the message • Both restructuring or reproducing • Both having SLT and TLT • Both having the target audience 2. Differences |Translation |Interpreting...

Translation as a process Translating goes well beyond the mere univocal conversion of terms between two languages. A translator’s art is to transpose meaning from one culture to another, with a skillful choice of linguistic tools. A translator’s aptitude is rigorously measured on the basis of knowledge of the subject matter, ability to identify with the contents, accuracy and adherence to the source text. Translation memories, glossaries and style guides are essential work tools and are...

The first act of "Translations" presents several different instances of translating. Jimmy translates Homer from Greek to Gaelic; Owen translates from English to Gaelic and back; Hugh has his students translate Greek and Latin while he is speaking. In particular, Owen holds a certain power over the people he is translating for. Because neither side understands what the other is saying, Owen can translate however he likes. When he is confronted by Manus for not translating exactly what Lancey was...

Translation Theory revision Translation – The process of translation between two different languages involves the translator changing an original text (the source text – ST) in the original verbal languages (the source languages – SL) in a different verbal language (the target language – TL) S. Bassnet def: Translation is rendering of a SL text into the TL so as to ensure that: 1) the surface meaning of the two will be approximately similar, and 2) the structures of the SL will e preserved...

A Guide to Writing Subtitles A subtitle is a textual version of what is said onscreen; often used in foreign movies to translate languages or in science fiction films to translate a lost or imaginary language to real language. To begin, the subtitler should have the film on media (VHS, DVD, etc.), a copy of the production and, if possible, a copy of the dialogue list. Everything in the film should be subtitled. Even road signs, billboards, and anything else written on-screen that is...

1.5 The translator In the context of translation studies, it is assumed that to do a satisfactory translation, the translator must be aware not only of the texts in hand, but also the physical world and the culture in which the texts are formed initially. This implies that the translator should be acquainted with the everyday life in the source location and that his or her activity is not simply a manipulation of linguistic figures or data. The translator handling medical texts do not have to...

The Summary of Translation and Gender Abstract: First of all, the development, main representatives, the purpose, the significance and the application of the feminist translation theory will be introduced briefly. Then the three theory foundation and their strength and weakness will be summarized generally in this paper. My personal view about the feminist translation theory and feminism will be the ending. Key words：Feminist translation theory; Feminism;...

Translation Principles for the Translation of Neologism in News Language Abstract In the world, Chinese and English has both the longest history and most people used compared with any other language. As the society developed more and more quickly, many kind of new information came out. Including them was that, there were a lot of neologisms in Chinese words. Many people who do English translation study found that it is much harder to translate these words than any others. New words were born...

Translation studies, in recent years, have become more prominent among different fields of study. Each year with more journals and essays being published concerning this major, more attention is focused on it and more students are attracted towards it. There are different reasons for people to focus on this field of study. Reasons such as field of interest, communication aims, job opportunities, etc are some of them which are explained in what follows. The firs reason for most translation...

Domestication and Foreignization 1. Introduction Translation does not only involve giving the equivalent meaning in the Target Language (TL), rather it involves considering the values of the TL and the Source Language (SL) whether they are linguistic values or cultural ones. Some translators prefer changing the SL values and making them readable for the TL audience. This is termed Domestication. Others, on the other hand, prefer keeping the values of the SL and exposing audience to...

The Development of Machine Translation Abstract The information age has promoted the development of machine translation, but also for its higher requirements. Machine translation in experienced "Loyalty" is not ideal. The article attempts to machine translation researchers mention that recommended that Context and culture.The Context consider contribute little strength of the study, with a view to the development of machine translation. Key words machine translation; comprehensibility;...

Translation In Movies Names I. Introduction As we all known, film is an audio-visual art. This glamorous act is a magnificent gem in human history, which creates romantic stories and leads human into a marvelous land we have never come before. Looking back to the development history of film, we cannot deny that film reflects the society reality and the time spirit. As the cultural exchange between China and overseas become booming, film plays an important role as culture envoy. Film...

The importance of translation in international business Hang Rong Contents Translation•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••3 International business••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••3 Translation in international business•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••3 Translators and interpreters••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••5 Finding the right translation service•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••6...

TRANSLATION IN SCIENTIFIC TEXT TRANSLATION Translation is one of the oldest concerns in the history and theory of language. From the beginning, the activity of translation had an oral aspect, the so- called 'interpretation'. Then translation extended to written texts .Translation is often associated with the transliteration of literary works from one language to another One of the most important conditions for a translation to be correct is accuracy. The criterion of accuracy varies according...

Question 2: Write your comments and interpretation on the statement that the lecturer uses at the end of his lecture: "Make coping tactics part of your life" and "Keep it out of your life". Uses examples and your personal experience (if any) for your argument Answer: What happens in the real life is not always as we expect so that every people in every area has his own techniques to deal with difficulties. Coping tactics is considered as the key element in interpreting career. To emphasize...

A Tentative Study of Trademark Translation Zhou Sha Abstract: Trademark is a special kind of language signs. It is the concentration of commodities’ distinct characteristics, the core of commodities’ culture, and the powerful weapon for an enterprise to participate in international competitions. With the development of globalization and the increase in international trade, the products of importing and exporting strengthen day by day; the translation of trademarks is gaining more and more...

The concept of equivalence highlights the relation between the source text and the target text. Translators should aim at transmitting the message as accurately as possible, while evoking the views, attitudes and emotions in the target audience that the source text evokes. When getting ready to translate a text, the translator should set his/her hierarchy of equivalence requirements. The translator should consider a number of variables when setting up equivalence goals. For example, it is...

Introduction The term “shift” commonly refers to changes which occur or may occur in the process of translating. As long as translating is a language use, the notion of shift belongs to the notion of linguistic performance as opposed to that of theories of competence. Although the term “shift” was initially adopted by Catford as “departures from formal correspondence in the process of from the Source Text (ST) to the Target Text (TT), other scholars like Levy, Popovic, Blum-Kulka, Hatim, M....

Transmission of Ideology through Translation: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Chomsky’s “Media Control” and its Persian Translations Zahra Khajeh Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch roshanak82kh@yahoo.com Hajar Khanmohammad Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Fer987295kia@yahoo.com Abstract Among factors that might manipulate translators’ mind while producing a text is the notion of ideology transmission through text or talk. Adopting Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) with...

TRANSALTION IN THE LIGHT OF THEORY AND PRACTICE With each author, a translator must put on a mask. He must be an actor, with the ability to play every role in the work he translates. Emil Basat. With the development of civilization the necessity of building relationships with people from different cultures becomes clearly perceptible. However, there are barriers and these are the language barriers that cause inconvenience in communication. The world would not be the same place if those...

从目的论看广州公示语标牌翻译 [摘要] 旅游翻译，是人们在跨国旅游行为中最为重要的一部分。广州每天接纳外国游客不计其数，规范的公共标示牌用语和严谨的英译文本，有着举足轻重的地位。国外对于旅游景点的标牌翻译已经形成了一系列严谨细致的规范，而我国至今还没有一个较为规范准确的标准，各地标牌翻译“百花齐放”，错漏百出。广州的双语标牌在某些方面较领先于其他的国内城市，比如在标牌的完善度和标牌翻译的准确度上，但是相关的问题依然存在。 本文运用“翻译目的论”的原理，从翻译的目的性出发，列举例证分析了广州公共标识语的翻译现状，对几种不同类型的公共标示牌进行理论分析，指出错误，并提出相应翻译策略。 [关键词] 公示语标牌、翻译目的论、旅游 Translation of Public Signs in Guangzhou：Skopos Theory Perspective [Abstract] The translation in tourism plays the important part in overseas...

Kevin Matthews May 12, 2013 ENGL 224 Language in Translations Translations is a three-act play written by Brian Friel set in the small town of Baile Beag, a fictional Donegal village in Ireland. The play deals with issues ranging from language and communication barriers to Irish history and cultural imperialism by the English. The clash of cultures coupled with misunderstanding and misinterpretations leads to chaos within the small town. The difficulty of trying to communicate without an...

教学单位 外国语学院　 学生学号　100214207　　 [pic] 课 程 论 文 英文题目 On the Theory of Communicative action through the translation of metaphor 中文题目 论通过对暗语的翻译来实现沟通行为 院 系 外国语学院 专 业 英语(翻译) 　 学生姓名 邓永胜 学 号 100214207 任课教师 徐向晖 2013 年 1 月 9 日 Abstract In general, since mankind started translation activities, the study of translation has never ceased. Discussions about translation have become so...

498 Meta, XLVII, 4, 2002 Translation Techniques Revisited: A Dynamic and Functionalist Approach lucía molina and amparo hurtado albir Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain RÉSUMÉ Cet article a pour objectif de cerner la notion de technique de traduction entendue comme un des instruments d’analyse textuelle qui permet d’étudier le fonctionnement de l’équivalence par rapport à l’original. Nous rappelons tout d’abord les différentes définitions et classifications qui...

Teaching Cohesion in Translation (Applied Linguistics) By Haitham Ghazi Al- Mashkoor University of Baghdad College of Education for Women English Department Introduction Language is an expression of culture and individuality of its speakers. It influences the way the speakers perceive the world. This principle has a far-reaching implication fro translation. If language influences thought and culture, it means that ultimate translation is impossible. The opposite point of view,...

INTRODUCTION Translation used to be considered an inter-language transfer of meaning, which is the point of departure for research and study. Many earlier definitions demonstrate this, using source language and target language as their technical terms. Moreover, translation theories strictly confined themselves within the sphere of linguistics. For many years the popular trend in the translation circles had been perfect faithfulness to the original both in content and in form and it had been...

GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD Mostly known as ‘The Classical Method’, Grammar Translation Method is not based on the fact that of communication, but teaching. C. Orrieux refers that GTM is for Latin and Ancient Greek are known as “dead languages”. He adds that “it is for the kinds of grammar training that led to the “mental dexterity” considered so important in any higher education study stream.” The aim of teaching these languages is not make the learners speak communicatively. However, its...

Contents 目 录......................................................................................................................I Abstract II 摘 要 III Chapter One Introduction 1 Chapter Two Factors Influencing the Translation of English Proverbs 2 2.1 Geographic environment 2 2.2 Traditional customs 3 2.3 Religion 5 2.4 Historical stories and literary works 7 Chapter Three Translation methods of English proverbs 9 3.1 Literal translation 9 3.2 Free...

OUTLINE Metaphor, its definition and purpose Types of metaphor Dead Metaphors Cliché Stock Metaphors Adapted Metaphors Recend Metaphors Original Metaphors Methods of metaphor translation Producing same image in TL Replacing image with TL standard image Metaphor to simile translation Metaphor to simile translation along with its sense Metaphor to sense conversion Metaphor deletion Same metaphor with sense 1. THE METAPHOR AND ITS PURPOSE Metaphor can be defined as an indirect...

Basic Guidelines for Literary Translation The difference between the translator and the literary translator: Translator: seeks to render same facts with no emotion and no change. Does not care about style. Literary translator: seeks to create similar effect, response, intention, emotion of the source texts using highly stylistic language similar to that of the source text as much as possible. Steps for translating literary texts: 1- Read the text carefully 2- Analyze the text: Extract the...

GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD History The Grammar Translation Method is an old method which was originally used to teach dead languages which explains why it focuses mainly on the written form at the expense of the oral form. It was designed according to the faculty psychology approach which was very popular during the 18th and 19th century. It contended that ” mental discipline was essential for strengthening the powers of the mind”. The way to do this was through learning classical...

Translating and Interpreting Conflict APPROACHES TO TRANSLATION STUDIES Founded by James S. Holmes Edited by Henri Bloemen Dirk Delabastita Ton Naaijkens Volume 28 Translating and Interpreting Conflict Myriam Salama-Carr Edited by Amsterdam - New York, NY 2007 Cover image: tile from Palácio Nacional da Pena, Sintra. Cover design: Studio Pollmann The paper on which this book is printed meets the requirements of “ISO 9706:1994, Information and documentation - Paper for...

Cultural elements in Translation The Indian Perspective By C. Thriveni Different languages result in different world views. Different languages direct their speaker to a certain way of thinking and paying attention to certain aspects of the world around them. So translation is not only finding the best equivalent but also finding appropriate ways of saying things in another language. The main problem for a translator is to maintain the local color of source text (foreignization) or to...

A Brief Look at The Quality of A Translation (Translation of Faulkner’s ‘Sanctuary’ by Farhad Qebraii) BY Ali Kavoosi Course Instructor: F. Asadi Ph.D. Abstract The article is an evaluative work on a translation of Faulkner’s Sanctuary by Farhad Qebraii. To do so the standard norms are got from Blum Kulka’s article “shifts of cohesion and coherence in translation” and the level of accepted changes through the translation is considered. The translation by Qebraii is accepted as a qualified...

Introduction The main task of the translator – to use all knowledge of theoretical bases of translation for transfer the communicative function of the original, as knowledge of theoretical bases of translation and extralinguistic realities are necessary conditions of translation. Suppliers and producers of production do everything possible to attract as much as possible consumers. For this purpose advertizing appears on screens of our television, by radio, also it appears in the form of...

7th October 2012 Analysis of Half-Caste by John Agard- How does the poet present his ideas and views to the reader? Half-Caste is a poem written by John Agard. It presents another culture through dialect and uses complicated terminology. The poem is quite emotional and John Agard uses many techniques to present his ideas and views on Half-Caste. The poem is all about the different definitions of Half-Caste, it is undefined. Agard compares the word half-caste to Tchaikovsky’s piano,...

We found it is feasible to start talking about the theoretical part of our paper by casting some definitions to important aspects. Language, cul There are many definitions of culture in relation to the process of translation. One of the oldest and widely-accepted definitions of culture was formulated by the English anthropologist Edward Burnett Tylor in 1871. Burnett defines culture as" that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs and any other capabilities and...

#04 Comparative literature and translation: two Argentinean versions of the Baudelairean spleen Santiago Venturini National University of the Litoral (Argentina) / CONICET Recommended citation || VENTURINI, Santiago (2011): “Comparative literature and translation: two Argentinean versions of the Baudelairean spleen” [online article], 452ºF. Electronic journal of theory of literature and comparative literature, 4, 131-141, [Consulted on: dd/mm/aa], < http://...

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN STUDIES UNNATURALNESS IN ENGLISH – VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION: CAUSES AND CURES by Lê Phương Lan A THESIS Presented to The English Department In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Arts Supervisor: ng Xuân Thu, M.A. May 2006 - Hanoi 1 Abstract Unnaturalness in English – Vietnamese translation: causes and cures by Lê Phương Lan The purpose of this graduation thesis has primarily...

1. Ideally it combines the history of translation theory with the study of literary and social trends in which translation has played a direct part. It is the story of interchange between languages and between cultures and as such has implications for the study of both language and culture. 2. Closely allied to literary history, translation history can describe changes in literary trends, account for the regeneration of a culture, trace changes in politics or ideology and explain the expansion...

Outline Thesis Statement: Difference in eastern western culture causes a thing different in value orientation, Translation of a work of a movie gets a way of direct translation, and, it's possible to admit for an audience. It’s need to changed the Culture in the movie. Ⅰ. Introduction: China's movie translation enterprise has passed through more than 50 year magnificent course, Movie translator offered many outstanding translated movies to the mass audiences. Through these...

Translation Theory By T. David Gordon, 1985. While not everyone who drives an automobile needs to understand the theory behind the internal combustion engine, someone does need to know this theory. I may be able to drive my Pontiac without any knowledge of internal combustion engines, until the Pontiac breaks down. Then, I must find someone (presumably a mechanic) who does in fact know enough theory to get the Pontiac running again. The same is true of translation theory. It is not necessary...

The Translation Industry Presentation 1 – Draft version for 15th February * How does the translation industry operate in my area? My area of focus is Germany. I translate from German to English and am permanently living in Frankfurt. Therefore both my current and future client base is over here, with the occasional exception. Nonetheless, for anyone working into English, it is vital to keep up with the UK translation market and, if possible, to be listed with any professional...

The present-day rapid development of science and technology, as well as the continuous growth of cultural, economic, and political relations between nations, have confronted humanity with exceptional difficulties in the assimilation of useful and necessary information. No way has yet been found to solve the problems in overcoming language barriers and of accelerated assimilation of scientific and technological achievements by either the traditional or modern methods of teaching. A new...

Cross-cultural Translation Studies as Thick Translation Theo Hermans (University College London) 1 Aristotle Let me begin with two specific examples. Both will have a familiar ring. I do not intend to discuss either example in any detail. They merely serve to illustrate, however briefly, the kind of problem I am trying to address. My first case concerns Aristotle, and more particularly John Jones’ book On Aristotle and Greek Tragedy (1962, 1971). In the history of readings, of interpretations,...

Lecture 1 Introduction: Translation and Translation Studies Translation and Translation Studies (Definition and a brief history of the discipline) Hermes the god of thieves and liars is also the god of translation. But he has so many other tasks as the god of roads, commerce, travel (these can be connected to translation) as well as arts, magic and crafts not talking about matrimonial matchmaking… A translator has, at least, as many tasks and roles when translating that I...

The study of translation has been the center of attention of several scholars and schools of thought during the last three decades. Some terms related to the field of translation studies belong to a common language that it has been incorporated to the everyday language of translators; such as correctness, similarity, fidelity, original text, adaptation, equivalence, translation strategies, among others. However, most of the time these translations and equivalences express a connection between...

On the Translation of English Idioms Abstract In essence, the idiom was one of the most important components of language. As the pith of the language, idioms have come from many origins and different formations. In other words, the fusion of many distinctive cultures has crystallized the idiom, and it has many nations’ characteristics which was born with and never changed. And English idioms was one branch of idiom. The English idioms have an extensive scope; it was...

Cultural differences and translation of idioms Language and culture are closely connected and inseparable, as a language idiom is the essence of the deposition of the fascinating history and culture. Because of geography, history, religion, customs and other aspects of life differences between Chinese and English Idioms carrying characteristics of the different cultures and cultural information, so English-Chinese Idioms often encounter many difficulties. From the geographical environment,...

Spain is a multicultural and multilingual country and the language known as “Spanish” in the general meaning is Castilian which is one of several Romance languages. The other languages spoken throughout Spain is Catalan in the North-east, Galician in the North-west, Basque, which is a non-Romace language spoken around te western French-Spainish border and historical languages of Aragon, Leon and Asturias. In the history, all these languages were spoken alongside the Arabic, Hebrew and Latin and...

Izzahar Ramli IIUM According to Fromkin (2011), grammar translation is a technique or method of second-language learning in which the student memorizes words and syntactic rules and translates them between the native language and target language. In other words, grammar translation method is a foreign language teaching that requires students to translate words and memorize. The goal is to make sure that the student able to read and translate the target language. Grammar translation method is...

Literary Translation as a Creative Act Literary translation implies the translation of all genres of literature, which include prose, drama and poetry. Literature is described as 'an apparently nebulous body of knowledge in oral or written form, an imitation of life, which reflects civilization and culture, and which covers every angle of human activities-culture, tradition, entertainment, information among others.' It is one of the great creative and universal means of communicating the...

On the Translation of English Movie Titles I. Introduction Nowadays, more and more overseas movies are introduced to Chinese movie market. As movies play a significant role in culture communication, proper translation to overseas movies is very important. The title is a soul to a movie. The audiences read movie titles before they enjoy the movies. So good title translations can easily attract people’s attention. Therefore, how to translate the film titles well is an important course in movie...

Barhaggi 1 Fariba kohle Barhaggi D.r Behin, PHD Research Methodology II 13 July 2013 Machine Translation VS. Human Translation From cultural perespective Introduction Today, computers are used in all fields, and even almost every field has it's own software packages. Using computers to translate a text from one language to another refered to machine translation [MT]. Machine translation is an interesting technology for human translators. It is a fact that MT software can...

The main content of this chaptersection includes the motivation for applying corpora in translation, types of corpora and general application of different corpora in translation studies. 2.1 Why use corpora in translation studies According to Bowker and Pearson (2002:9), a corpus is “a large collection of authentic texts that have been gathered in electronic form according to a specific set of criteria”. (Bowker and Pearson 2002:9) and corpus research has greatly influenced the way we...

COMPUTER ASSISTED TRANSLATION (CAT) By R.Kavithaa Definition: Computer-assisted translation, computer-aided translation, or CAT is a form of language translation in which a human translator uses computer software to support and facilitate the translation process. Concepts Project Management • Project Management allows linguists to structure complex translation projects, assign the various tasks to different people, and track the progress of each of these tasks. Translation Memory • A...

The source language text (SLT) is a journalistic news report. It attempts to inform the reader about certain event. On the other hand, The target language text (TLT) is weak and its obvious that the translating process has been done using a translation machine AL WAFI that upholds word-for-word translation. The target language text (TLT) reads foreign. as well as, its difficult to be understood, it does not flow smooothly and does not have a natural feel due to the lexical, grammatical and...